abstract：INTRODUCTION:The etiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multifactorial with interaction between genetics, immune and environmental factors. Areas covered: We review the role of prenatal exposures, irritants and pruritogens, pathogens, climate factors, including temperature, humidity, ultraviolet radiation, outdoor and i...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Kantor R,Silverberg JI

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Despite the emergence of newer immunomodulating agents for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a substantial proportion of patients still do not respond optimally. While the mechanisms for the differential responses to drug therapy are unclear, variation in drug exposure with the same dosing protocol relat...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Mok CC

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Remestemcel-L, a third-party, off-the-shelf preparation of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), has been developed for experimental use in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) and other immune-mediated conditions. Several preclinical and clinical studies have indeed suggested the potent...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Locatelli F,Algeri M,Trevisan V,Bertaina A

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Psoriasis is a common, chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder. The disease is associated with several co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and psychiatric disorders. It is important to identify and treat these co-morbidities because they have a strongly negative effe...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Lønnberg AS,Skov L

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Biological agents have transformed psoriasis treatment by selectively targeting immune signaling molecules involved in psoriasis pathogenesis. While biologics offer the most effective treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, they are not without complications. Some patients treated with biologics have po...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Cline A,Hill D,Lewallen R,Feldman SR

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Psoriasis is a complex disease in which the alteration of the IL-23/Th17 axis appears to be crucial for its pathogenic mechanisms, and anti-IL17 agents are rapidly becoming important therapeutic tools. Brodalumab, a fully human Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) anti-IL-17RA monocl...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Galluzzo M,D'adamio S,Bianchi L,Talamonti M

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is strongly influenced by genetic predisposition. Beyond the limitations of linkage analysis, multiple genome-wide association studies, their meta-analyses, and targeted genotyping array techniques have broade...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Ye BD,McGovern DP

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by systemic synovitis causing joint destruction. With the development of biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and combination of conventional DMARDs, clinical remission is perceived as an appropriate and realistic goal in many patients. Howe...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Kubo S,Nakayamada S,Tanaka Y

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased over the last 50 years. It is now recognized that several genetic defects can express an IBD-like phenotype at very early onset (<6 years). AREAS COVERED:The aim of this review was to update knowledge concerning the specificity of IBD at onse...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Capriati T,Cardile S,Papadatou B,Romano C,Knafelz D,Bracci F,Diamanti A

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:In primary immunodeficiency (PID), immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) for infection prevention is well-established and supported by a wealth of clinical data. On the contrary, very little evidence-based data is available on the challenges surrounding the use of IgRT in secondary immune deficiencies ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Agostini C,Blau IW,Kimby E,Plesner T

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immunologically induced lung disease that develops after inhalation of certain environmental antigens only in subjects with susceptibility to antigens. Therefore, both environmental and host immunological factors play important roles in the aetiology and pathogenesis...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Miyazaki Y,Tsutsui T,Inase N

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in the United States. While the treatment options have improved with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and advanced surgical techniques, disease recurrence is common and fatal in nearly all cases. Current evidence suggests that the immune syste...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Menderes G,Schwab CL,Black J,Santin AD

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although a large part of the population suffers from allergies, a cure is not yet available. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) offers promise for these patients. AIT has proven successful in insect and venom allergies; however, for food allergy this is still unclear. In this editorial we focus on the recent advanc...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Jongejan L,van Ree R,Poulsen LK

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its introduction to the antirejection armamentarium in 1994, tacrolimus has become the workhorse of transplant professionals for avoidance of solid organ transplant rejection. Not only does tacrolimus have potent immunosuppressive qualities that prevent rejection, but dosing is straight forward and it is general...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Scalea JR,Levi ST,Ally W,Brayman KL

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Impairment in early B-cell development can cause a predominantly antibody deficiency with severe depletion of peripheral B-cells. Mutations in the gene encoding for Bruton's-tyrosine-kinase (BTK) and the components of the pre-B-cell receptor complex or downstream signaling molecules have been related to this...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Abolhassani H,Vitali M,Lougaris V,Giliani S,Parvaneh N,Parvaneh L,Mirminachi B,Cheraghi T,Khazaei H,Mahdaviani SA,Kiaei F,Tavakolinia N,Mohammadi J,Negahdari B,Rezaei N,Hammarstrom L,Plebani A,Aghamohammadi A

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Giant cell arteritis is a complex immune-mediated disease that involves large blood vessels in individuals older than 50 years. Recent studies have confirmed a strong association of this form of vasculitis with the HLA region, particularly with HLA class II genes. However, other non-HLA loci, such as protein tyrosine ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Carmona FD,Martín J,González-Gay MA

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunology, similar to other areas of clinical science, is a data-rich discipline that involves a great deal of interaction between healthcare professionals and their patients. The focus of this editorial is to review the challenges and opportunities for mobile healthcare applications within immunology. It is clear th...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Gallagher J,O'Donoghue J,Car J

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which represents the major cause of death. During recent years, it has become clear that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition where immunity could play an important role. Usually, it is when atherosclerotic plaques rupture that CVD foll...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Frostegård J

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urticaria is a common and often debilitating dermatological condition defined by the sudden appearance of wheals, angioedema or both. It is further classified into specific subtypes based on duration and specific triggers. Awareness and understanding of urticaria are important to ensure a correct initial diagnosis and...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Zuberbier T,Maurer M

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term refractory lupus nephritis is generally used to indicate cases that do not respond to traditional treatment. However, the clinical presentation of lupus nephritis is variable and the time to response depends on the typology of the underlying renal syndrome. The criteria and the time for response are different...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Moroni G,Ponticelli C

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent epidemiological studies estimated that more than 30% of European suffer from allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, while up to 20% suffer from asthma and 15% from allergic skin conditions, while for many other regions the prevalence is increasing. Allergen immunotherapy represents the only available treatment th...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Pajno GB,Nadeau KC,Passalacqua G,Caminiti L,Hobson B,Jay DC,Arasi S,Chiera F,Salzano G

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although training and exercise have several benefits, overdoing it might not necessarily be a good thing. For instance, elite athletes have an increased risk for asthma and allergy. Several mechanisms can be implicated for this risk, which include the interplay between environmental training factors and athlete's pers...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Silva D,Moreira A

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder that can affect every organ system and cause a wide range of signs and symptoms. The precise pathogenic mechanism of disease remains uncertain, but it is clearly complex and involves the activation and deregulation of many components of the immune system. Certain ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Vilas-Boas A,Bakshi J,Isenberg DA

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cross-sectional studies, vitamin D deficiency is frequent in spondyloarthritic patients and associated with increased spondyloarthritis (SpA) activity and structural damage. Experimental studies also show that vitamin D interferes with molecular pathways critically involved in SpA, especially regarding entheseal in...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Guillot X,Prati C,Wendling D

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-immediate drug reactions (NIR) are induced by specific immunological mechanisms and involve the recognition of hapten molecules by the immune system, with the participation of dendritic cells and other antigen-presenting cells. This process is followed by an effector response that can induce several clinical entit...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Perkins JR,Ariza A,Blanca M,Fernández TD

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolving data have shown that the toll like receptors (TLRs) family of innate immune receptors has an important role in driving the activation and inhibition of pathogenic pathways involved in multiple sclerosis (MS). While developing clinical trials targeting MS by TLRs modulators are of considerable interest, severa...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Gooshe M,Aleyasin AR,Abdolghaffari AH,Rezaei N

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD11b(+)Gr1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an important regulatory innate cell population and have significant inhibitory effect on T cell-mediated responses. In addition to their negative role in cancer development, MDSCs also exert strong regulatory effects on transplantation and autoimmunity. In ma...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Wu T,Zhao Y,Zhao Y

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonates have little immunological memory and a developing immune system, which increases their vulnerability to infectious agents. Recent advances in the understanding of neonatal immunity indicate that both innate and adaptive responses are dependent on precursor frequency of lymphocytes, antigenic dose and mode of ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Basha S,Surendran N,Pichichero M

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The measuring tools for disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis have long been adapted for assessing the disease activity of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), particularly as regards peripheral arthritis. However, because of the multifactorial aspects and multiple domains of PsA, such as axial and peripheral joints, skin an...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Her M,Kavanaugh A

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past few years, the therapeutic potential of Treg has been highlighted in the field of autoimmune diseases and after allogeneic transplantation. The first hurdle for the therapeutic use of Treg is their insufficient numbers in non-manipulated individuals, in particular when facing strong immune activation and...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Govender L,Pascual M,Golshayan D

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unbalanced immune cell populations or immune cell infiltration of the liver can disrupt the immune-privileged state of the liver, resulting in liver injury or fibrosis. Therefore, the treatment for liver diseases involves not only hepatic regeneration but also immunological regulation. Recent studies demonstrated that...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Cui L,Shi Y,Han Y,Fan D

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host susceptibility to environmental triggers is the most likely explanation for the development of asthma. Quantifying gene expression levels in disease-relevant tissues and cell types using fast evolving genomic technologies have generated new hypotheses about the pathogenesis of asthma and identified new therapeuti...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Bérubé JC,Bossé Y

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methotrexate (MTX) is the key treatment in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Nevertheless, MTX is not always sufficiently efficacious and can lead to adverse effects, which compromises complete disease control. In such cases, combination therapies with biologicals are given, even at MTX start, before knowing the pa...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Ćalasan MB,Wulffraat NM

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer patients may develop paraneoplastic neurological conditions associated with autoantibodies directed against neural or neuromuscular tissues. These syndromes are frequently manifested in advance of the cancer presentation by several months or years necessitating a detailed and expensive investigation to search f...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Sioka C,Fotopoulos A,Kyritsis AP

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Egg allergy is the second most frequent food allergy in children of the Western Countries, with an overall prevalence of 1-3%. Today strict avoidance diet is the only treatment, but its feasibility is difficult to obtain in childhood because of the large amount of egg proteins present in different foods. From 1998, a ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Praticò AD,Mistrello G,La Rosa M,Del Giudice MM,Marseglia G,Salpietro C,Leonardi S

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past years have seen the publication of several studies on seronegative spondylarthritides (SpA) and cardiovascular risk as a result of new insights into the connection between inflammation and atherogenesis. Although the overall cardiovascular disease is a complex entity, chronic inflammation of SpA is known to c...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Ingegnoli F,Gualtierotti R,Artusi C,Lubrano E

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) represents a prevalent chronic esophageal disorder. Since the condition was first described, its pathophysiology has been known to have an immune-allergic origin, but the high response rate to dietary therapies based on feeding patients exclusively with amino acid-based elemental formula...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Arias A,Lucendo AJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Agammaglobulinemias are primary (inherited) immunodeficiencies characterized by the lack of functional B-cells and antibodies, and are caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the pre-B-cell or B-cell receptor, or their signaling pathways. The known genetic defects do not account for all agammaglobulinemic ...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Berglöf A,Turunen JJ,Gissberg O,Bestas B,Blomberg KE,Smith CI

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of antibiotics to treat pathogenic bacterial infections has been one of the greatest contributions to human health, yet antibiotic use also perturbs the communities of commensal and symbiotic bacteria that reside in the intestine of mammals. The microbiota are critical for normal immune development and for mai...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Reynolds LA,Finlay BB

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by venous and/or arterial thrombosis and/or recurrent fetal loss and the presence of antiphospholid antibodies. Among the causes of death of antiphospholipid syndrome there are the myocardial infarction and stroke. Comorbidities could worsen the evolutio...

journal_title：Expert review of clinical immunology

authors： Muniz Caldas CA,Freire de Carvalho J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00